Rolf Landauer (1961), IBM Journal of Research and Development 5(3):183–191 — DOI-10.1147/rd.53.0183
Standing in the record
Registered on 2026-09-29 at the owner’s request, because the owner’s prior-art novelty map (a private working document on concepts as projectors, the linear representation hypothesis and their neighbours) cites it: row 13 must-cite: the k_B T ln 2 floor attached to predicate cost. It is seeded from metadata and published descriptions and has not been read here.
Identification notes: DOI verified via Crossref (July 1961 issue).
A close reading was attempted on 2026-09-29. No legitimate full text could be reached: OpenAlex lists both the 1961 original (DOI 10.1147/rd.53.0183) and IBM’s January/March 2000 reprint (IBM J. Res. Dev. 44(1/2), DOI 10.1147/rd.441.0261) as closed access, with no repository full text. Semantic Scholar returned “not found” for the 1961 DOI. The ACM Digital Library and IEEE Xplore, which now host the IBM Journal, are subscription-only. IBM once posted the 2000 reprint free on its own site (research.ibm.com/journal/rd/441/landauerii.pdf); that URL now returns 404, and so does the 1961-issue path (journal/rd/053/ibmrd0503C.pdf). The Wayback availability API reports a 2009 capture of IBM’s own copy, but web.archive.org could not be reached from this session: plain HTTP was “Blocked by egress policy”, and HTTPS reset the connection three times. A web search found copies on a University of Pittsburgh lecture-materials folder, worrydream.com and informationphilosopher.com. These are unauthorised third-party uploads and were not used. If an owner can open the 2009 Wayback capture of IBM’s own posting, that would be a legitimate publisher-opened copy of the 2000 reprint. It stays Unavailable until a copy is supplied, not on merit.