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86 items with this tag.

Oct 31, 2026
CASE-190: A kinetic construction of self-maintaining reconstruction: a brief encounter captures a fuel, connector and two-catalyst core into a box that stays invariant under bounded degradation, keeping its copying catalyst regenerated and a grounded teacher and an erasable student within bounded error; with a resource allocator holding reserved minima and a revisable copy rule, the certificate holds for every allocation and rule, because neither the information variables nor the rule feed back into maintenance
Oct 31, 2026
LIT-1881: Bridging Freidlin-Wentzell large deviations theory and stochastic thermodynamics
- thermodynamics
- mathematics
Oct 31, 2026
LIT-1882: Correspondence between thermodynamics and inference
Oct 31, 2026
LIT-1885: Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation for Biomolecular Processes
- thermodynamics
- natural-sciences
Oct 31, 2026
LIT-1886: Thermodynamic Space of Chemical Reaction Networks
- thermodynamics
Oct 31, 2026
LIT-1887: Emergence of Open Chemical Reaction Network Thermodynamics within Closed Systems
- thermodynamics
Oct 31, 2026
LIT-1889: Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Chemical Reaction Networks: Wisdom from Stochastic Thermodynamics
- thermodynamics
- complex-systems
Oct 31, 2026
LIT-1890: Stochastic dynamics and non-equilibrium thermodynamics of a bistable chemical system: the Schlögl model revisited
- thermodynamics
- natural-sciences
Oct 31, 2026
LIT-1892: Macroscopic stochastic thermodynamics
- thermodynamics
- natural-sciences
Oct 31, 2026
LIT-1897: Geometry of Nonequilibrium Reaction Networks
- thermodynamics
- mathematics
Oct 31, 2026
THEORY-1248: Catalysts cancel out of the stoichiometric matrix, so a cycle of mutual catalytic production among species is not a stoichiometric cycle: the cycles that carry a reaction network's steady currents and affinities are fuel-to-waste pathways through it, and who catalyses whom enters only the rates, never the thermodynamic driving
- thermodynamics
- complex-systems
Oct 31, 2026
THEORY-1250: A chemostat is an emergent structure of a closed reaction network: when exchange reactions are fast and the reservoir species are abundant by a factor of order Omega, the closed network behaves to leading order as the open one, with its local detailed balance and dissipation, over a window that opens once exchange equilibrates and closes on a time of order Omega, after which a driven network relaxes to equilibrium; neither separation alone suffices
- thermodynamics
- complex-systems
Oct 31, 2026
THEORY-1253: Treating the Bayesian evidence as a partition function with sample size as inverse temperature, the analogue of heat capacity, the rate at which leave-one-out predictive loss falls with sample size, equals half the parameter count in a regular model, as equipartition, and the real log canonical threshold in a singular one, falling below these where prior or discreteness fixes parameters; with multiplicity above one the approach to the singular value is only logarithmic, and the correspondence has no counterpart of physical current or dissipation
Oct 31, 2026
THEORY-1261: At stationarity a driven reaction network is confined to a thermodynamic space: each reaction's affinity lies between zero and the largest cycle affinity per use of that reaction among the elementary flux modes containing it, and each product of concentrations lies between the effective equilibrium constants of the extremal pathways; with no driving the space collapses to the equilibrium point, so multistability, symmetry breaking and amplification above equilibrium need driving and are bounded by it
- thermodynamics
Oct 31, 2026
THEORY-1264: Far from equilibrium, the weak-noise escape rate from an attractor goes as the exponential of minus system size times a barrier in the quasi-potential, not in any free energy, and that barrier is bracketed by thermodynamics: it is at most the entropy produced in relaxing from the saddle into the attractor and at least minus the entropy produced along the most likely escape path; the two bounds coincide at detailed balance and separate by twice the dissipation of the probability circulation, so far from equilibrium they can be very loose
- thermodynamics
- mathematics
Oct 31, 2026
THEORY-1265: Approximating a chemical master equation by a Fokker–Planck or nonlinear Langevin equation gets the quasi-potential right only at the fixed points: between them it mis-estimates the barriers, so escape rates come out wrong by a factor exponential in system size and the approximation can pick the wrong one of two states as the long-run favourite, and its apparent entropy production vanishes at every steady state, missing the dissipation that sustains it
- thermodynamics
- natural-sciences
Oct 31, 2026
THEORY-1266: In an open reaction network of reversible elementary mass-action reactions, sustained currents need an emergent cycle with nonzero affinity: each chemostatted species either breaks a conservation law or opens an emergent cycle, so one chemostat never suffices; with every emergent affinity zero the network relaxes to a unique equilibrium fixed by its unbroken conserved quantities; and a nonequilibrium steady state dissipates exactly the sum over emergent cycles of current times affinity
- thermodynamics
- complex-systems
Oct 31, 2026
THEORY-1268: In a nonequilibrium steady state of a thermodynamically consistent Markov jump network, the entropy produced while a current is counted, times the squared relative uncertainty of that count, is at least 2k_B, independent of the counting time, so a current precise to ε costs at least 2k_BT/ε² of dissipation; the 2015 letter proves this within linear response and for single-cycle networks at any affinity, and for many-cycle networks far from equilibrium shows it numerically and states it as a conjecture
- thermodynamics
- natural-sciences
Oct 31, 2026
THEORY-1270: Entropy production does not select which of several maintained steady states is the stable one: in the bistable Schlögl model the state the system occupies in the long run can carry either the higher or the lower deterministic entropy production rate, and the mean stochastic entropy production follows whichever state is more probable; in general the most dissipative attractor is the longest-lived only under special conditions, and lifetime tracks relaxation entropy only near detailed balance
- thermodynamics
- natural-sciences
Oct 31, 2026
THEORY-1273: In a driven chemical system with two stable states and a finite number of molecules, each maintained state is metastable: it is left by fluctuation after a time exponential in system size, set by a barrier in a nonequilibrium quasi-potential that closes at the saddle-node, and the long-run share of time in each state is fixed by the parameters and system size, not by the initial condition; the deterministic rate equation, where the initial condition decides, holds only on times short of that escape time
Oct 30, 2026
LIT-1865: What makes biological organisation teleological?
Oct 27, 2026
LIT-1664: Statistical theory of the decay of metastable states
- natural-sciences
- thermodynamics
Oct 21, 2026
THEORY-831: For a system driven by a protocol fixed in advance, with microscopic reversibility and with forward and reverse processes started uniformly on their macrostates, the log-odds of two outcomes II and III reached from I equal the difference in their log state counts, plus the log-ratio of their reversal probabilities, plus the difference in minus the log mean of e^(−βQ) over the paths reaching each, where Q is the heat released; so when the first two terms are equal the likelier outcome is the one whose paths release more heat on average with less variation
- thermodynamics
- complex-systems
Oct 20, 2026
QUESTION-215: Does Landauer's bound hold without assuming reversible microdynamics, and does any logically reversible operation have a positive entropy floor?
- thermodynamics
- information-theory
Oct 20, 2026
THEORY-779: In Kunin et al.'s underdamped Langevin model of SGD with momentum on linear regression, with gradient-noise covariance σ²H independent of the parameters, the stationary state is Gaussian with parameter covariance ησ²H(H + λI)⁻¹/(2S(1 − β)) and velocity covariance σ²H/(S(1 − β²)): for small weight decay it spreads equally along every nonzero Hessian direction and not along the null space, each Hessian eigenmode is a damped oscillator with damping ratio (1 − β)/√(2η(1 + β)(ρ + λ)), and the expected squared step is η²σ² tr(H)/(S(1 − β²))
Oct 20, 2026
THEORY-790: In deep networks trained by SGD on real data, minibatch noise drives parameter groups related by a rescaling symmetry toward the point where their gradient noise balances, at a rate set by learning rate over batch size, so that at stationarity they sit neither where gradient flow would leave them nor spread out as under isotropic noise, as Ziyin, Li and Ueda propose
Oct 20, 2026
THEORY-817: Once an agent's actions affect the percepts it receives, maximal prediction of those percepts is generally not what thermodynamic efficiency requires: in percept-action loops with feedback, maximally predictive agents generally extract less work than the most efficient agent
Oct 19, 2026
QUESTION-186: In a second system with a known reciprocal coupling and one unit driven at graded strengths, does the measured transfer-entropy asymmetry grow to one-way flow under strong drive while the coupling stays symmetric?
Oct 19, 2026
QUESTION-191: Does the per-step nostalgia of a driven system without feedback fail to bound its dissipation when the drive is not Markov or the kernel does not keep each equilibrium stationary, and does any physical system show dissipation tracking nonpredictive information?
- thermodynamics
- information-theory
Oct 19, 2026
QUESTION-219: Can a persistent pattern of transfer through a system, kept while its constituents are replaced, pick out a unit that neither a block test nor a closed collective mode finds, and what separates such organized throughput from mere transport?
Oct 16, 2026
LIT-1149: Semantic information, autonomous agency and non-equilibrium statistical physics
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-412: Driven matter tends toward states that look adapted to the drive, with no replication needed: of two outcomes of a system driven by a fixed external field, equal in internal entropy and in the probability of reversal, the likelier is the one whose formation absorbed work from the drive and dissipated it more reliably
- thermodynamics
- complex-systems
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-416: Quantum thermodynamics has at least four inequivalent notions of work, the ensemble average, the two-point-measurement random variable, the ε-deterministic single-shot work content and the resource-theory work, which answer different operational questions; only the two single-shot optima coincide, by identification of formulas and for energy-diagonal states
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-431: For classical systems with Markovian, microscopically reversible dynamics, the entropy production of a trajectory obeys an exact finite-time symmetry against the time-reversed process, P_F(+ω)/P_R(−ω) = e^ω, wherever ω is odd under reversal; Jarzynski's work equality and the mean second law follow as corollaries, and the symmetry constrains fluctuations, not which steady state a system selects
- thermodynamics
- natural-sciences
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-463: In classical statistical mechanics a strictly irreversible approach to equilibrium cannot come from the isolated Hamiltonian dynamics alone: the fine-grained Gibbs entropy is constant and bounded systems recur, so each account surveyed either weakens the target to typical or long-run behaviour or adds something from outside the dynamics
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-482: For a closed quantum system that starts thermal and is measured projectively in energy before and after a unitary drive, the two-point-measurement work obeys the Jarzynski equality and the Tasaki–Crooks relation in exactly the classical form, because those energy measurements erase the coherences in which a quantum difference could appear
- quantum-foundations
- thermodynamics
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-492: Life was forced into existence by geochemistry: core metabolism, rooted in the reductive citric-acid cycle, formed as a channel relieving the free-energy stresses abiotic processes keep building, as lightning relieves a charge separation, so its early steps would recur on any similar planet and selection on metabolism came before replication
- thermodynamics
- philosophy-of-biology
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-513: Observational entropy taken relative to a maximum-entropy prior τ, S(τ) − D_M(ρ‖τ), lies between S(ρ) and S(τ) for states meeting the prior's constraint, is finite and continuous whenever S(τ) is, and reduces to about two dozen textbook entropies by choice of measurement and prior; its second laws are bounds on the time-averaged state's divergence from the prior, proved small only under sufficient conditions (nondegenerate energy gaps for equilibration, the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis for fit to the prior)
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-517: Life raises the Earth's entropy production, chiefly by increasing the absorption of sunlight, and if the planet is held at maximum entropy production, the negative feedbacks of that state would give the homeostasis the Gaia hypothesis postulates
- thermodynamics
- natural-sciences
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-532: Systems pushed from equilibrium develop structures that degrade the applied gradient faster, and living systems and maturing ecosystems are such structures, continuous with convection cells and vortices, so the second law is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for life
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-671: An open system with enough internal degrees of freedom settles, among its possible steady states, into the one of maximum entropy production; this selects among steady states, where Prigogine's minimum principle only describes relaxation toward one
- thermodynamics
- complex-systems
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-676: Dewar's information-theoretic derivation of maximum entropy production does not reach the far-from-equilibrium regime where the principle is applied: the 2003 route needs a mean-field step and an unargued assumption about path counts, the 2005 route's orthogonality condition, which yields both maximum and minimum dissipation, holds only with linear constitutive relations, and the 2003 self-organized-criticality corollary is an artefact of a quadratic expansion
- thermodynamics
- information-theory
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-679: For dynamics obeying detailed balance in a heat bath, the heat released in a transition between observer-defined macrostates is bounded below by the log-odds against its reversal less the internal entropy change; where a replicator's likeliest way back is a copy decaying within one generation, the bound grows with the copy's durability and the speed of copying, not with the information copied
- thermodynamics
- natural-sciences
Oct 16, 2026
THEORY-692: Near equilibrium, steady states minimise entropy production and every fluctuation decays; far from it, the excess entropy production has no fixed sign, so a fluctuation can grow past an instability of the thermodynamic branch into a structure held up only by flows across the boundary, and thermodynamics supplies only a sufficient condition for such a state's stability, not a principle selecting which structure appears
- complex-systems
- thermodynamics
Oct 14, 2026
THEORY-275: In two optically trapped beads with a symmetric hydrodynamic coupling, one trap moved by a recorded noise drive, time-delayed mutual information and transfer entropy follow the drive's path rather than the coupling's symmetry: the flow between the beads reads two-way under moderate drive, in experiment and numerics, and one-way under strong drive, in numerics of the fitted model only
Oct 13, 2026
CLAIM-273: A maintained r/place artwork copied from an off-canvas design is a dissipative structure in Prigogine's structural sense, order held only by a sustained flow of repair against rival coalitions and against unaffiliated placement whose rate falls over the event, but its order is imported from the design and not born of an instability
- complex-systems
- thermodynamics
Oct 13, 2026
LIT-1011: The Limiting Dynamics of SGD: Modified Loss, Phase Space Oscillations, and Anomalous Diffusion
Oct 13, 2026
LIT-1012: Noise Balance and Stationary Distribution of Stochastic Gradient Descent
Oct 13, 2026
THEORY-209: A converged network trained with SGD is not at a point and does not sample its training loss: under a quadratic approximation it samples a Gibbs distribution on a modified loss, isotropic in the Hessian's column space, with probability currents that keep it oscillating, so its speed and spread are set by the learning rate, momentum and batch size
Oct 13, 2026
THEORY-211: In the stochastic-differential-equation model of SGD, with a gradient-noise covariance that depends on the parameters, minibatch noise drives the difference of squared norms along a rescaling symmetry, at a rate proportional to learning rate over batch size, to the point on the symmetry orbit where the gradient-noise traces of the two parameter groups are equal, whenever both groups carry noise; so at stationarity SGD neither keeps the difference fixed, as gradient flow does, nor lets it diffuse, as isotropic noise does, and differs from gradient descent by a finite amount however small the noise
Oct 13, 2026
THEORY-220: A far-from-equilibrium system that contributes to its own maintenance has functions relative to itself, with no history or observer needed, and one that switches among self-maintaining processes has indications of success that can be false by its own lights
Oct 12, 2026
LIT-947: Unravelling the Flow of Information in a Nonequilibrium Process in the Presence of Hydrodynamic Interactions
Oct 11, 2026
LIT-913: On the Concept of Coordinative Structures as Dissipative Structures: I. Theoretical Lines of Convergence
Oct 11, 2026
LIT-919: Nucleation
- natural-sciences
- thermodynamics
Oct 11, 2026
LIT-920: Studien über die Bildung und Umwandlung fester Körper. 1. Abhandlung: Übersättigung und Überkaltung
- natural-sciences
- thermodynamics
Oct 11, 2026
LIT-924: Principles of Crystal Nucleation and Growth
- natural-sciences
- thermodynamics
Oct 03, 2026
LIT-570: An Organizational Account of Biological Functions
Oct 03, 2026
LIT-582: Biological organisation as closure of constraints
Oct 03, 2026
THEORY-072: Organisms differ from dissipative structures such as a candle flame not by far-from-equilibrium self-maintenance, nor by circular self-maintenance alone, but by organisational differentiation: several distinct constraints that produce one another at different time scales
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-515: Statistical physics of self-replication
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-516: Time, Structure and Fluctuations
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-517: Nonequilibrium Equality for Free Energy Differences
- thermodynamics
- natural-sciences
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-518: Statistical Physics of Adaptation
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-519: Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and maximum entropy production in the Earth system
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-520: Maximum entropy production principle in physics, chemistry and biology
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-521: Information theory explanation of the fluctuation theorem, maximum entropy production and self-organized criticality in non-equilibrium stationary states
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-522: Entropy production fluctuation theorem and the nonequilibrium work relation for free energy differences
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-523: Stochastic thermodynamics, fluctuation theorems and molecular machines
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-524: Self-Organization in Nonequilibrium Systems: From Dissipative Structures to Order through Fluctuations
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-525: Comments on a derivation and application of the ‘maximum entropy production’ principle
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-527: Pattern formation outside of equilibrium
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-528: Energy flow and the organization of life
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-530: What Is Life? The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-532: Inadequacy of entropy and entropy derivatives in characterizing the steady state
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-533: Life as a manifestation of the second law of thermodynamics
Oct 02, 2026
LIT-537: Thermodynamic Theory of Structure, Stability and Fluctuations
Sep 30, 2026
THEORY-026: For a system driven without feedback through fixed kernels, the average work dissipated at each switch of the drive equals the memory that fails to predict the next input; that is nonnegative when the drive is Markov and, summed, bounds the protocol's dissipation from below when each kernel keeps its equilibrium stationary, so there only nonpredictive memory is wasteful; with feedback, in one binary channel no predictive agent is efficient
Sep 30, 2026
THEORY-030: For a memory evolving reversibly with its environment, Landauer's bound prices only steps that lose logical distinguishability, at least k ln 2 of entropy per bit lost, exported to the environment and not necessarily as heat, so copying onto a blank register, measuring or evaluating a bit has no minimum cost; learning a label has a floor only in total entropy production, at least the information learnt, which in Goldt and Seifert's perceptron can be paid in the weights' own entropy with vanishing heat
Sep 29, 2026
LIT-308: Stochastic Thermodynamics of Learning
Sep 29, 2026
LIT-327: Thermodynamics of Prediction
Sep 29, 2026
LIT-328: Irreversibility and Heat Generation in the Computing Process
Sep 29, 2026
LIT-360: Notes on Landauer's principle, reversible computation, and Maxwell's Demon
Sep 26, 2026
LIT-114: Philosophy of Statistical Mechanics
Sep 25, 2026
LIT-010: Quantum Thermodynamics
Sep 25, 2026
LIT-041: The Work Capacity of Channels with Memory: Maximum Extractable Work in Percept-Action Loops
Sep 25, 2026
LIT-082: Unification of observational entropy with maximum entropy principles

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