Definition

The conditions under which a judgement is elicited: which question is put to the interpreter, in what form and in what order. A125 §1 named it beside the situation and the intervention, as C ∈ ℳ: “‘The speaker is a friend’ can describe a communicative situation, while telling a reader that the speaker is a friend is an intervention. Asking the reader to rate friendliness introduces a measurement context.”

A129 §1 gave it a place in a structural model. It introduced “an interpreter state R, a measurement protocol C, and a judgment Y”, with

  • R′ = f_R(R, Z, I, ε_R), and
  • Y = f_Y(R′, Z, C, ε_Y).

Here Z is the communicative situation and I the framing information. C enters the equation for the judgement and not the update of the interpreter’s state. In A129 §5’s system it indexes the cover ℳ, and the empirical law in context C under intervention a is e_C^a = P(Y_C | do(a)) (CLAIM-127).

A151 §3 restates the three-way split: “A speaker actually being a friend, a reader being told the speaker is a friend, and a reader being asked whether the speaker sounds friendly are not equivalent manipulations.” A203 §15 and A218 Ch10.1 restate it again.

What it is not

  • Not TERM-031, despite TERM-031’s title. TERM-031 is A24’s situation tuple C = (u, s, a, k, g), an index on judgement distributions, and TERM-030 superseded it. A125’s table misread TERM-031 as “The conditions under which particular observations or judgments are obtained”, which is this sense.
  • Not TERM-030, the configuration of the situation itself.
  • Not, or not obviously, a framing intervention (TERM-018). Whether eliciting a judgement is also an intervention is open, and the exchange answers it both ways. A35 §6, quoted in TERM-018: “forcing a participant to make an explicit judgment is itself an intervention.” A39 §3.2: “Asking a reader to consider an utterance as affectionate is another intervention.” A125 §1 goes the other way, and A129’s graph gives C an arrow into Y only, never into f_R.

The answer decides where signalling in elicited data would come from: from C’s direct influence on Y, or from a change of state carried forward to the next judgement (CLAIM-127, “Two routes to signalling”). Sequential designs, where one judgement is elicited before another, separate the two readings. Under the first, an earlier question cannot change a later judgement, because it never reaches the interpreter’s state. Under the second it can, because it changes the state the later judgement is drawn from.