The inference
The same long-term preference, before and after blocking distracting websites; different behaviour after. The difference is in the conditions of efficacy.
Critical questions
- Is the preference really unchanged? Arguably: installing the device may express a strengthened preference. The paper’s answer is that the content of the competing regimes need not change for behaviour to change.
- Does it reach the meta-regulatory dimensions? No. It shows precedence and accessibility; jurisdiction and suspension have only institutional examples. So this line supports the efficacy dimensions of CLAIM-027, and the cross-scale claim for the meta-regulatory ones rests on Northstar alone.